1
Easy2Siksha
GNDU  -2021
/ 5  

(  -1)
  : 3   : 70
:     -     ,            
       
-
1.     ,            
          
2.             
-
3.               ,  
                     
     
4.                
                 
    
2
Easy2Siksha
-
5.              
           
6.                
       
-
7.        , -         
    
8.                   
             
3
Easy2Siksha
GNDU  -2021
/ 5  
  : 3   :70
:     -     ,            
       
-
1.     ,            
          
: ,         ,   ,  
                 
, , ,       ,  ,   ,
          
         
     
        
1.       :       
        ,   
    

 ,           ,   
,   '             
    ,     
,  
                  
         ,       -   
  
2.     : ,        , 
              
  ,            
         ,      
        ,      
4
Easy2Siksha
           ,    
 
3.      :     ,   ' ,
      -      
         ,      
 
   ,  ,   ' -  ,
        ,     
    
     
1.     :   , "    "    ,
               
,       '     ,    
                
       ,     
  
2.       '   :   ,      
             ,   
     ,            
        -    ,  
           
 ,       
3.      :,         -
      - ,      '
         ,   ,  
      ,        
              
  
          
1.     :      ,    
    ,            
            
             ,    
   ,         - 
2.       :     ,   ' 
     ,      ,  - 
    ,  , -     
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Easy2Siksha
 ,               
          - ,   
 ,      
3.      :, ,     
  ,         -  
     '            
               
   
 ,     
   
             ,  
            
      
1. :             
  ,  ,        
             
                

2. -:  ,       ,   '
       ,         
    -       
      ,    ,  ,  
  
3.  :    ,   ' ,   
    ,             
  ,     ,       
           ,   ', 
          ,  
        
     
     ,              
         ,    , 
              
   ,           ,      
                   -
     ,         -
   ,       
6
Easy2Siksha
 ,           ,   
            ,    
                 ,  
                  
            ,   
            
      
2.             
:        '   ,    -   ,
                 
   ,       ,  , ,  ,
    ,           
         
1.   
 
  
             ,   '   
  ,   '           (2000  
)    ,    ,          
               
 -  
    ,  ,     
     -     ,     -  
               

 
         ,        

          
2.   (-     )
                  
                   
 ,               
     ,          
         '          
7
Easy2Siksha
  , ,               
  
        ,     
        
      ,   
    ,               -
    
3.  
      :           
     (250     ),     
    ,         ,    
     -    ,       
            ,   
           

 ,    -  ,           
         ,  ,    ,  
    ,        
4.  
 ,    ,       ,    ,
   ,            
      ,  ,        
    ,       ,       
        ,   ,     
  
  ,           ,  
             
5.   
 , 
,         
  ,         
 , 
  -  
              ,    , 
           
          ,          
      ,   ', 
  
             ' ,     

8
Easy2Siksha
6.  
        ,   '    ,  
          -          

         ,       
              
 
                 
7.     
 ,               
 , ,            
       ',         
      , ,         ,   
     
-   ,    ,           
                -
       ,    -   ,    
      
8.    
         ,     
 ,   ,  -         
            ,  
  ,            
        
         ,    
          
       
     ,    REDD+      
         ,        
      

              ,      
            '    
          -  ,       
   ,            
                
          
9
Easy2Siksha
-
3.               ,  
                     
     
:            ,   , ,
              
 
,      ,        
       ,         
           
 ,      
      
1.   :        '
                (
         )     (
    )
2.  :   (DRC)       70% 
         ,   '    
  ,               
  
 
3. :         ,     
           85%   ,  
             
4.  :     20%     ,     ,
     
      
           ,      
       
5.   :              
  ,        
6. : ,              
         ,     ( 
   )       
 
10
Easy2Siksha
       
1.       :   ,  , 
      ,      
        ,       
  -       
2.    :           " " '
    -      -    
   '          
      ,        
     
               
     
3.  :           
  ,             
,
  ' DRC  ,        '   
  
4.      :    ,    
           ,   
            , 
              ,  
              
        
1.   :        
               
   '          
 
 ,    ,        
   
2.     :     '       
          ,      
               

 
3.   :        - 
             
                 
   ,           
    ,           
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4.          :      
  ,          
 
       ,     ,  
,          ,     
,     ,      
      
"  " 
" "       
       
                
,      , , ,        
   '  ,            '
   
    ,   (AU)  -       
               
           
     
     ,  ,  -    
              
 

                
     , DRC,          
             ,   ,
 ,               
      
        
             , 
            
4.                
                 
    
:  (   )         
          
       
,         -       
12
Easy2Siksha
 ,              
 ,           
     
  -       ,     :
1.  :            
 , 
 ,            
       '    
2.   - :     ,    
    ,          , 
          
 
3. :  ,   '         ,
       ,        
'            
  '  
1.      :  ,   ' -   
,                ,
 ,           
  2021  ,   14     4.5   
  ,      ,     
 
 
2.       : ,  ,     
                
 ,
    ,             ' 
 ,        ,     
     
3. -        : ,  
              
    ,         
       
 
    
1.     :    ,      -
   '    ,   ',   '    
               ,  
     '        
   
13
Easy2Siksha
2.    :      ,
        ,     
    ,            ,
            
3.       :         
,             '  
            
 ,           
      '   
                
,       ,          
               
1.     :           
            2022  ,   
,         ,     
           
,     ,    
2.     :              
   ,        ,    
   
 , 
       
               
 -     
3.      : ,  ,       
        ,  ,    ,  
                
     '     
       
 '         ,    
  ,  ,      
 
 
1.    :          
             
   '    ,  90%     
           
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2.  -  :       - 
           -   ,  
,               

 
3.   :    ,    
    , GPS,      ,   
         -     , 
 ,     ,       -
      

 ,             
     -            
 ,            
     ,         ,    
                
     '        -
  ,       -    
              
-
5.              
           
:             
  
                 

 ,             , 
       ,         
                  
      ,           
       
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       
  ,         
    ,
                '
                , ,
    
1.   :   
o                
  ,   '    (  )    
      
      
           
      
o             

 ,           
          ,  
        
o   :  (   ), , 
 
2. :    
o                
              
           
   ,    -      
 
o              
             
o   :  (  )  
3.  :   
o               
         ,         
,         
 ,            
  ,       ,  
       
o   :  ( ),  ( ),  
16
Easy2Siksha
4. :      
o                 
                , 
            ' 
  '   
o            

       
o   :  (), ,  
5.  :   
o  ,       ,     
         ,    ,  
  -        
 
,     '         
        ,         
    
o   :  (),  (    )
             
                
 ,          
1.     
o :           
     ,      
     ,        
                

o  :       (   )
             ,
  Mpumalanga     ,       
             
o  :          
             

17
Easy2Siksha
2.   
o            
 ,  ,       ,     
  ,           
 ,           '  

o           ,   
            - 
              

 
3.      
o   (, ,  )      
            , 
      ,      
      ,         
o  ,           ,
         
   ,   ,
              
 
 ,          
4.    
o               
     ,     ,   ,
             
 
o             ,
            
       -   
          
5.     
o              
   
        
         
      
o     ,        
            
18
Easy2Siksha
  ,          
  
o      (FDI)     ,  
        ,   
          ,   
           
 ,      
6.     
o          
    ,      
      ,   -   
      
 
o  ,            
   
         
    - '    ,    
  
7.  
o           
   ,       ,     
              
     
        

o  ,   ,   ( ,    ) 
            
, 
            
  
 
           
         ,         
   :
1.     
o         '      
,  ,     
     
      ,      , 
        
 
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2.   ' 
o     ,         
,         '   ,    

   ,         
    
3.    
o           ,    
             
   ,         
 
 
4.    
o   ,       
                 
                  , 
       

             ,       
     , ,        ,
  ,             , 
     ,  ,       
         
        - ,      ,  
             
        
6.                
       
: ,   '       ,   
 ,  ,         
             
    
  '      ,  , ,     -
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               
       
   
1.    (    ):      
              
  '           ,  ,   
             ,  
  ,       ,        
              
2.    :     ,      ,
          ,   ',
     ,    ,     
              
     '     
3.    (    ): ,     , ,
  ,            
      ,  ,         
     ,   ,      
         
4.         :          
           
  ,        
     
    
1.   :         , 
   '      -19      '  
, 
             
    -    , ,      
     
2.     :        
      ,        
            
            ,   
  
3. -   :         - 
     ,   '     ,   
21
Easy2Siksha
            ,  
        ,        ,
    
4.     :            
   
 ,           
         () 
            ,  
     -      
    
5.         :         
   ,            
           ,   - 
        
6.  :       ,   
         '     
             

 
     
1.   :    ,   (AI), 
   (IoT)            
  ,  -  ,        
,      ,        
              
2.  :         
    (LNG)    
    
 ,              
             
             
 
3.     :         
          , 
    ,        
         ,     
         
4.     :  ,  ,    
 -     , -  -  
22
Easy2Siksha
             

 ,         
5.       : -      , 
             
          , - , 
           ,    
     
6.       :    
    ,         
          ,     
            
7. 
              ,    
    -             
   -,   ,  -    
     ,       ,   ,  
               , 
               
  
-
7.        , -         
    
:-    :   
-,         ,         
 
          ,     ,
 ,     -          
                
 ,
            
 
23
Easy2Siksha
 -                
 ,       :
1.     
   :     ,  , , 
        ,  ,    
     ,         ,  ,
     
-  :           
    , ,   ,   
   ,       
 ,     
   :   -      
     ,  
       
    '         
2.    
  :     ,   '      ,
              
      ,  ,     
     
  :           
 
 ,  ,  ,        

      US           
    
 -    :      
     ,   '        ,
          -     
3.        
    :         
           -   
              ,    -
        
  :    -    ,    
            
           
24
Easy2Siksha
      : ,       
              
 
       '   
    
       
4.    
  :      ,      ,  ,
        '   ,    
       
    ,    
     ,     ,     
        
  : ,         
  ,             
              
      
- :          
       ,     
        ,      
                 
  
5.      
      (NAFTA): ,   
    '  ,        
            ,    
        ,      
           
USMCA (  --  ):     2020  
NAFTA     ,          
  ,          '  
      ,          
                 

6.          
  :    ,        
 ,  -            ,
        '    
25
Easy2Siksha
- : The            
               
     -   -     
-       '      

 
   :  ,        ,
   ,  (  )    ()  
            ,     
     
 
7.      
        :         
           ,   
                     
     ,       
        
    :              
          ,     
          
 ,        -   
    ,       -  '
    
8. -       
-   :     -    ,   '  -
19  ,           
                 
          , ,      
 ,      -    
     :    ,      
     ,  ,      
,    Microsoft  Shopify,       
 
         

-       ,   ,  , 
           ,   
   ,              
,  ,         
26
Easy2Siksha
    ,      -     
          
8.                   
             
:           
        ,        
            2010   36%   2030
  50%    ,           
       ,             
            ,    ,
         
 ,   '  , 
        
     
1.   :         ,   ' -
   , ,         
'                 ' --
       
    , 
          
2. Megacities    :    , ,   
           10   
        ,  , 30   
  , 2050              
     ,          
     
3.   :          
             - 
               -
 ,   ,  , ,    
               
      -    

27
Easy2Siksha
4.   :     ,       
  ,    " "     ,
    ,           
-               
   ,           

       
1.       :        
              
      
,    
             

 ,       -       
 '           ,   
 ,   ' -       -   '
  
2.     :          ,    
   ,            
  ,            
        , -    , 
         ,    
            ,   
        
3.     :           
    
 ,         
              
   ,          ,   
  ,           
   '  ,             
     
4.      :            
             
      ,          
          ,     
  -,            
    ,   '       ,
      - 
          
 
 
28
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5.   :          
    -         
  ,            ,
-   -         
   
   -19     
, 
             
         
6.     :         
            ,  
   ,           
    , -        
,           
      
          ,     
          
1.       :   ,      
              
     ,       ,    
          ,   
   ,  "  "      
  
2.     :        
             2063  
      (SDGs)  ,   
    '            
   ,             

3.  :          
(RECs)                
             
               
            

                
               ,    
 ,   ,  ,       
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Easy2Siksha
          ,   
 ,     ,       
              
       ,      , 
           
:       Ai      ( )       
        , 
  '         